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Wednesday, May 28, 2008
The good folks at POGO have come into the possession of one Defense Department Inspector General's report published in March of this year.
This report was at the center of a congressional hearing that was commented on by Stan Collender in a blog post (and WaPo story) we flagged yesterday.
The rapid growth of the DoD budget since 'FY 2000 leaves the. Department increasingly more vulnerable to the fraud, waste, and, abuse that undermines the Department's mission. At the same time, our ability to adequately cover high-risk areas and Defense priorities has become strained due to the fact that our staffing levels have remained nearly constant during this period while the nation's annual defense costs have grown from less than $300 billion to more than $600 billion.
The report underscores the fact that as fantabulous as privatizing government may appear to be (with the Magic of the Market® and all), it requires a certain level of oversight or money starts getting disappeared. This nontrivial cost of oversight is all to often overlooked (intentionally and not) by proponents of outsourcing and privatization. While outsourcing government work to private firms may save a few bucks, it's entirely possible that the cost of oversight -- either of hiring contract officers or of "lost" funds -- exceeds the benefits.
Tuesday, May 27, 2008
CongressDaily is reporting ($) that a few members of the House of Representatives are forming the "Smart Contracting Caucus" to pursue what Rep. Tom Davis (R-VA) called "thoughtful federal procurement reform." But Dan Friedman at CongressDaily isn't buying the spin:
Davis was a contracting lawyer and is the House's top backer of government contractors concentrated in his suburban Virginia district. He has long pushed to make contracting with federal agencies simpler for businesses. Since the 2006 election, Davis has negotiated with House Oversight and Government Reform Chairman Henry Waxman and other Democrats to remove provisions from several House-passed contracting reform bills after they drew particularly vocal industry opposition. With Davis leaving Congress this year, the caucus appears in part an effort to institutionalize his role.
While I like that folks in Congress are paying more attention to the horrific problems we have in the federal procurement system (here's the latest), I'm not sure if Davis is the best person to be heading up this caucus. Considering his opposition at one point to legislation to prevent companies that owe federal taxes from being considered for government contracts, his original support of a spending transparency bill that did not disclose contracts data, and his support of the largest corporations regardless of whether they have broken federal contracting laws, it's probably good he won't be around next year. If he was, they would probably have to rename it the "Fighting Contractor Abuse" Caucus.
Federal budget sensei Stan Collender reads this WaPo story on the mismanagement of $15 billion Iraqi reconstruction funds and wonders if something more than incompetence isn't at work.
The Pentagon's own inspector general confirmed that this lack of concern for procedural safeguards was blatant and commonplace. That makes it hard to come to any conclusion other than that they were ignored rather than expedited or poorly executed. It's also hard to come to any conclusion other than that the spending of taxpayer funds in Iraq bordered on, or actually was, simple and straightforward corruption. Given the magnitude of the spending involved, Iraq may be the Bush administration's contribution to the biggest public corruption scandals of all time like Boss Tweed in New York, James Michael Curley in Boston, and Teapot Dome.
The Pentagon's own inspector general confirmed that this lack of concern for procedural safeguards was blatant and commonplace. That makes it hard to come to any conclusion other than that they were ignored rather than expedited or poorly executed.
It's also hard to come to any conclusion other than that the spending of taxpayer funds in Iraq bordered on, or actually was, simple and straightforward corruption.
Given the magnitude of the spending involved, Iraq may be the Bush administration's contribution to the biggest public corruption scandals of all time like Boss Tweed in New York, James Michael Curley in Boston, and Teapot Dome.
Thursday, May 22, 2008
An op-ed in today's Washington Post, Fallout from a Bailout, examining the consequence of the Federal Reserve bailout of Bear, Stearns in March, breathlessly exclaims, "The world has changed because of a few snap decisions made one weekend in March."
Maybe it takes someone with the unique perspective and insight of a former director of the Division of Monetary Affairs at the Federal Reserve Board to appreciate and alert us to this global cataclysm: "the Fed's action tipped the political balance toward providing direct subsidies to households having trouble meeting their mortgage payments."
Dreadful. Author Vincent Reinhart is right in this one narrow respect: the Fed's action in March may have helped clarify how politically untenable in Congress the Bush administration's laissez-faire approach to the mortgage crisis was. His question, "Given that the government has provided funds to an investment bank, do you think government aid should also be given to households failing to meet their mortgage obligations?" became a no-brainer.
Whether the Fed's move really portends the ideological consequence Reinhart seems to fear is debatable. But once denizens of Club Fed stop hyperventilating, they probably should consider this question before debate begins in earnest on absurdly long-overdue and inevitable financial institution regulatory reform: should Bear-style Fed intervention with fiscal policy consequences (putting taxpayers on the line for the Bear bailout) be sanctioned going forward, and, if so, does that argue for an oversight and advice-and-consent role for Congress?
This may be the central question emerging from the Bear bailout. If the Fed wants license formally to expand its mission and effect fiscal policy, we will need to bear in mind that, as the late Sen. William Proxmire famously noted, "the Fed is a creature of Congress."
Our friend Wesley Snipes looks like he is running out of options to avoid going to jail on June 3 for believing he was exempt from paying taxes (oh, and actually not paying taxes too). The Associated Press reports:
Wesley Snipes must surrender to prison authorities June 3 if he isn't granted bail to appeal three federal tax convictions, defense lawyers said in a court filing. Snipes' attorneys plan to argue before the 11th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals that the trial judge erred in several ways before and after his February conviction. U.S. District Judge William Terrell Hodges last month sentenced Snipes to three years in prison. To be granted freedom during the appeal, the 45-year-old actor must prove that he has a substantial issue to raise and isn't a flight risk. His attorneys argue that Hodges gave the jury bad instructions and should have granted them an expanded pretrial hearing on their request to move the proceedings. Prosecutors said Snipes had no major issues to raise and has demonstrated he could flee. In a Monday filing, U.S. Attorney Robert O'Neill said Snipes told the probation office he had less than $10,000 in liquid assets, but the actor surprised the government by producing $5 million in payment for back taxes at his sentencing.
(h/t TaxProf Blog)
Wednesday, May 21, 2008
The U.S. Senate is moving to restrict public access to a new contractor misconduct database, part of a new proposal being spearheaded by the Project on Government Oversight and Sen. Claire McCaskill (D-MO). Apparently there is bipartisan objection to the proposal within the Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee. Scott Amey at POGO has the rundown:
Now, I can see, at worst, allowing certain information to be stored in a "government only" section of the database. But throwing a blanket of secrecy over the entire database is absurd. A large percentage of the cases included in the proposed responsibility databases are already publicly available in SEC filings and DOJ or agency press releases. This doesn't sit well with POGO and an eclectic list of 32 other groups that support an open and transparent government. Hopefully, Congress will decide that the public deserves to see scofflaws' rap sheets. The public should have access to a government sponsored comprehensive list of contractors (similar to POGO's Federal Contractor Misconduct Database) that defrauded the government, violated laws and regulations, had poor work performance, or had their contracts terminated for default.
Also see this good article from this morning on the issue from Robert Brodsky at GovExec.com.
Carol Leonnig at the Washington Post wrote a great article over the weekend that gets further into the weeds on contracting problems at the Department of Housing and Urban Development under former Sec. Jackson. Leonnig profiles three small businesses that received huge jumps in the size of federal contracts they received over the last five or so years, often times despite objections of career contracting officers. It appears awarding contracts as political favors might have extended well beyond Jackson to many other high ranking officials at HUD: Federal investigators are still sorting through HUD contract awards to friends of Secretary Alphonso Jackson, who resigned last month amid a criminal probe. But some career staff members and agency observers say problems in the agency's contracting process run much deeper than Jackson and involve officials who promoted certain companies while rebuffing concerns about their performance and qualifications.
Carol Leonnig at the Washington Post wrote a great article over the weekend that gets further into the weeds on contracting problems at the Department of Housing and Urban Development under former Sec. Jackson. Leonnig profiles three small businesses that received huge jumps in the size of federal contracts they received over the last five or so years, often times despite objections of career contracting officers. It appears awarding contracts as political favors might have extended well beyond Jackson to many other high ranking officials at HUD:
Federal investigators are still sorting through HUD contract awards to friends of Secretary Alphonso Jackson, who resigned last month amid a criminal probe. But some career staff members and agency observers say problems in the agency's contracting process run much deeper than Jackson and involve officials who promoted certain companies while rebuffing concerns about their performance and qualifications.
The three companies profiled began as very small operations with little or no federal contracting experience. Harrington, Moran and Barksdale Inc. (HMBI) had no federal contracts until FY 2004, when they received over $71 million. During the Bush administration, HMBI was received almost $223 million in federal contracts, 80 percent of which were awarded without full and open competition. The other two companies, National Housing Group which received almost $52 million) and Drayton, Drayton, and Lamar, Inc. (which has been awarded about $32.5 million) have even worse records for competition. The National Housing Group received 92.2 percent of its funding without competition while Drayton, Drayton, and Lamar comes in at an astounding 98.6 perent without competition.
What is truly troubling about this story is that the career contracting employees at HUD who attempted to do the right thing on behalf of taxpayers were moved out of their positions after they raised objections, cited evidence of wrongdoing, or claimed political manipulation. In one case, not only were the claims of the 33-year veteran contract officer vindicated by subsequent investigations, but the company in question has had a principal employee charged with fraud related to the contract. The two contract officers who are profiled in the Post story retired shortly after being moved into policy positions.
HUD officials deny any wrongdoing in any of the cases cited in the Post article, instead blaming the contractors who they repeatedly attempted to favor through sole-source contract awards. HUD spokesman Jereon Brown contributed quite an understatement when he said "not all contractors perform as well as expected." As we have advocated before many times, what will help deter these types of instances is access to data on contractor performance and copies of the actual contract. Then we'll be able to judge for ourselves how well contractors are performing and how wise an investment various federal contracts are.
Wash Post: HUD Repeatedly Dismissed Staff Concerns About Contracts
Tuesday, May 20, 2008
I don't have anything substantive to add to this Government, Inc. post. I'll just echo Robert O'Harrow's sentiment that a Carlyle-Booz marriage would be interesting, but especially from an oversight perspective.
Carlyle manages something like $81 billion worth of assets. Its alums include members of the bin Laden family, former president George H.W. Bush and former British prime minister John Major. It has been the focus of investigative reports galore and uncounted conspiracy theories. Booz? They're one of the government's biggest brain trusts, a mondo contractor that has its hands deep into the intelligence world. The announcement that Carlyle is buying Booz's government contracting business sends shivers up and down the spine of Government Inc. Just think of the deals. Think of the stories. Think of the conspiracy theories! Seriously, folks, it's going to be interesting to see how Booz does after the acquisition. They're going to be more interesting than ever to watch -- if you can.
Carlyle manages something like $81 billion worth of assets. Its alums include members of the bin Laden family, former president George H.W. Bush and former British prime minister John Major. It has been the focus of investigative reports galore and uncounted conspiracy theories.
Booz? They're one of the government's biggest brain trusts, a mondo contractor that has its hands deep into the intelligence world.
The announcement that Carlyle is buying Booz's government contracting business sends shivers up and down the spine of Government Inc. Just think of the deals. Think of the stories. Think of the conspiracy theories!
Seriously, folks, it's going to be interesting to see how Booz does after the acquisition. They're going to be more interesting than ever to watch -- if you can.
Friday, May 16, 2008
Citing inflated profit margins, a recent report by the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee criticized providers of federally mandated insurance to the Pentagon of sticking taxpayers with exorbitant bills.
The Defense Base Act (DBA) requires that all contractors working for the federal government overseas purchase workers compensation insurance for its employees. The cost of the insurance is then passed on to the government. But unlike other federal agencies, the Pentagon has the authority to negotiate its own contracts.
At a hearing yesterday, before the House panel, GAO's John K. Needham testified that not only does the Pentagon pay higher insurance rates, but that it doesn't keep good enough records to figure out to obtain lower rates:
GAO previously reported that eight DOD prime contractors paid from $10 to $21 per $100 of salary cost, a rate that was significantly higher than the rates paid by State and USAID contractors—$2 to $5 per $100 of salary cost—through the agencies' respective single-insurer programs. ... DOD continues to lack reliable aggregate data on the total cost of DBA insurance. Based on GAO's 2005 report, Congress directed DOD to identify methods to collect data on DBA insurance costs. While State, USAID, and Army Corps can obtain aggregate DBA cost data for their respective single insurer programs, DOD reported that it has not collected this data departmentwide. As GAO has previously reported, agencies can analyze financial data to leverage their buying power, reduce costs, and better manage suppliers of goods and services.
GAO previously reported that eight DOD prime contractors paid from $10 to $21 per $100 of salary cost, a rate that was significantly higher than the rates paid by State and USAID contractors—$2 to $5 per $100 of salary cost—through the agencies' respective single-insurer programs.
DOD continues to lack reliable aggregate data on the total cost of DBA insurance. Based on GAO's 2005 report, Congress directed DOD to identify methods to collect data on DBA insurance costs. While State, USAID, and Army Corps can obtain aggregate DBA cost data for their respective single insurer programs, DOD reported that it has not collected this data departmentwide. As GAO has previously reported, agencies can analyze financial data to leverage their buying power, reduce costs, and better manage suppliers of goods and services.
And usual-suspect Iraq contractor KBR is also featured in the report.
The largest private contractor in Iraq, KBR, paid its workers' compensation insurer, AIG, $284 million in premiums through 2005 under its contract to provide logistical support to the troops. In addition to receiving reimbursement for these expenses, KBR will receive an additional payment of $2.8 million to $8.4 million in profits for incurring these expenses. The insurer, AIG, will payout $73 million in claims and incur around $114 million in expenses, earning almost $100 million in profits.
Thursday, May 15, 2008
When I posted at the end of April that the book had closed on Lurita Doan, former head of the General Services Administration, (GSA) apparently I was wrong. She has resurfaced in interviews in GovExec magazine, on Federal News Radio and most recently in this border-line ludicrous column in Federal Computer Week by Neal Fox, the former assistant commissioner of acquisition at the GSA.
Now I've come across some interesting spin in Washington in my time here, but I think this one has to take the cake. There are too many strange, misleading, and frustratingly vague statements (e.g. "Some people who had backed IGs began to have doubts.") in Fox's article to jump into all of them (Beverley Lumpkin over at POGO has a good rundown refuting many of them that is worth reading). But the overall tone of the piece implies that IG offices are a danger to good government and need to be reigned in. This perspective needs to be soundly dismissed.
Fox's main point seems to be that a thirsting for power and arrogance at the IGs office was the main issue at GSA, not any particular issue or problem they were investigating (and there were plenty). Fox's point is mind-numbingly ironic considering many of the actions the IGs office was investigating can not be seen as anything else than a power grab by a pretty arrogant Ms. Doan herself (see strong-arming contracting officers and side-stepping contracting protocols to help friends). Worst of all, Doan's unprecedented actions to attempt to cut the IG office's budget and outsource its contracting oversight responsibilities to, of all places, private contractors, was a deliberate attempt to keep prying eyes away from her attempts to operate on her own outside of federal laws and regulations.
I'm still hopeful, as I think POGO was at first glance, that vague assertions and unsubstantiated ramblings like those contained in Fox's article won't influence anyone (that would be a shame). In these times of poor oversight and significant corruption and incompetence in the federal government, we need strong IG offices more than ever to help develop a more effective and accountable government.
GovExec has a neat app that lays out OSG Scott Bloch's recent legal troubles called Six Degrees of Scott Bloch: A Scandal Scorecard
Wednesday, May 14, 2008
Stephen Barr, who writes the Federal Diary column for the Washington Post, wrote on an interesting topic last week - the growth in federal contracting officers (COs) under President Bush. Barr reported that the number of COs has increased 6.8 percent since President Bush took office, according to federal statistics. Barr also was correct in pointing out that there are concerns among many in Washington (both inside Congress and out) that despite these increases, there are still far too few COs and they receive sub par training and support in doing their jobs. One of the most shocking things was that federal officials don't even know how many COs would be appropriate to have: But how many contracting officers the government actually needs has not been determined, despite efforts by federal agencies, the Office of Personnel Management and the OMB over the past two years to develop plans for hiring and training contracting officers and specialists. "We are still working real hard with OPM and the departments to try to figure out what the right number is," said Paul A. Denett, an Office of Management and Budget official in charge of government procurement policy. For his part, Denett added, "I believe we need to increase the hiring even more."
Stephen Barr, who writes the Federal Diary column for the Washington Post, wrote on an interesting topic last week - the growth in federal contracting officers (COs) under President Bush.
Barr reported that the number of COs has increased 6.8 percent since President Bush took office, according to federal statistics. Barr also was correct in pointing out that there are concerns among many in Washington (both inside Congress and out) that despite these increases, there are still far too few COs and they receive sub par training and support in doing their jobs.
One of the most shocking things was that federal officials don't even know how many COs would be appropriate to have:
But how many contracting officers the government actually needs has not been determined, despite efforts by federal agencies, the Office of Personnel Management and the OMB over the past two years to develop plans for hiring and training contracting officers and specialists. "We are still working real hard with OPM and the departments to try to figure out what the right number is," said Paul A. Denett, an Office of Management and Budget official in charge of government procurement policy. For his part, Denett added, "I believe we need to increase the hiring even more."
Let me give Mr. Denett a hint. You definitely need to hire more. While the COs workforce has increased 6.8 percent since Bush took office, federal contracting dollars have increased close to 100 percent - from $219.8 billion in FY 2001 to $430.1 billion in FY 2007. Those facts alone should be pushing the government to hire and better train more employees to oversee an immense area of discretionary spending by the federal government. That, plus the wide-ranging and seemingly continuous reports of waste, fraud, and abuse in federal contracting makes it almost shameful something hasn't been done already.
Wednesday, May 07, 2008
Yesterday, we noted that the FBI raided the home and office of Office of Special Counsel Scott Bloch. More news reports on the raids are out today. It appears that raids are part of a grand jury subpoenas related to the OSC's investigation of the use of federal resources for political activities by the White House, including Bloch's investigation of now-fired GSA head Lurita Doan.
The participation of the FBI and the grand jury, which is empaneled in Washington, indicates investigators are weighing criminal charges related to the [Office of Personnel Management] IG probe [of allegations by former OSC employees who say Bloch retaliated against them], such as obstruction of justice. But OSC employees said the grand jury subpoenas seek a wide range of information that goes beyond Bloch's deletion of computer files or treatment of agency employees. Investigators have demanded all files on OSC's investigation last year into allegations of improper political activity by Lurita Doan, the former head of the General Services Administration, who was forced to resign last week by the White House.
The participation of the FBI and the grand jury, which is empaneled in Washington, indicates investigators are weighing criminal charges related to the [Office of Personnel Management] IG probe [of allegations by former OSC employees who say Bloch retaliated against them], such as obstruction of justice.
But OSC employees said the grand jury subpoenas seek a wide range of information that goes beyond Bloch's deletion of computer files or treatment of agency employees.
Investigators have demanded all files on OSC's investigation last year into allegations of improper political activity by Lurita Doan, the former head of the General Services Administration, who was forced to resign last week by the White House.
This bit in the CongressDaily (via GovExec) article deserves highlighting:
Republicans and other critics also have criticized Bloch for launching a wider investigation into political briefings White House officials conducted across the federal government. They have accused Bloch of trying to use the probe as leverage against possible moves by the White House to force his ouster due to his conduct at OSC.
Anyway, here are a couple more articles on the raids:
The New York Times, "F.B.I. Raids Office of Special Counsel" McClatchy, "FBI agents sweep office, home of government watchdog"
Tuesday, May 06, 2008
Wow.
FBI agents on Tuesday raided the offices of Special Counsel Scott J. Bloch, who oversees protection for federal whistleblowers. The agents seized computers and shut down email service as part of an obstruction of justice probe, NPR has exclusively learned. FBI agents also searched Bloch's home and a Special Counsel field office in Dallas. A grand jury in Washington issued subpoenas for several OSC employees, including Bloch, according to NPR sources who spoke on condition their names not be used. Those developments came about on a Tuesday morning that had seemed no different than any other weekday in the Washington headquarters of the Office of Special Counsel. But at 10 a.m., the OSC's national email system went down, and the FBI arrived.
FBI agents on Tuesday raided the offices of Special Counsel Scott J. Bloch, who oversees protection for federal whistleblowers. The agents seized computers and shut down email service as part of an obstruction of justice probe, NPR has exclusively learned.
FBI agents also searched Bloch's home and a Special Counsel field office in Dallas. A grand jury in Washington issued subpoenas for several OSC employees, including Bloch, according to NPR sources who spoke on condition their names not be used.
Those developments came about on a Tuesday morning that had seemed no different than any other weekday in the Washington headquarters of the Office of Special Counsel. But at 10 a.m., the OSC's national email system went down, and the FBI arrived.
And from TPM Muckraker, a reminder of what Bloch's deal is:
To refresh your memory, Bloch's agency is a little known one that is charged with investigating whistleblower complaints, Hatch Act violations, and the like -- but who is himself being investigated for retaliating against whistleblowers and politicizing his office. The Office of Personnel Management's inspector general has been conducting that investigation since 2005. The feds are apparently investigating whether Bloch tried to obstruct that investigation by deleting his hard drive, among other things. To give you an idea how fraught this investigation is with unique issues, Bloch is not only busily investigating the White House for political briefings Karl Rove and his aides made to various agencies, but he's also conducting an investigation of the politicization at the Department of Justice and issues related to the U.S. Attorney firings -- a probe that he complained was being blocked by the DoJ. Of course, he can't do much to block the DoJ investigation of him.
To refresh your memory, Bloch's agency is a little known one that is charged with investigating whistleblower complaints, Hatch Act violations, and the like -- but who is himself being investigated for retaliating against whistleblowers and politicizing his office. The Office of Personnel Management's inspector general has been conducting that investigation since 2005. The feds are apparently investigating whether Bloch tried to obstruct that investigation by deleting his hard drive, among other things.
To give you an idea how fraught this investigation is with unique issues, Bloch is not only busily investigating the White House for political briefings Karl Rove and his aides made to various agencies, but he's also conducting an investigation of the politicization at the Department of Justice and issues related to the U.S. Attorney firings -- a probe that he complained was being blocked by the DoJ. Of course, he can't do much to block the DoJ investigation of him.
We last wrote about Bloch in November, when the WSJ reported that he was being investigated for shredding documents (i.e. "a 'seven-level' wipe [of several office hard drives]: a thorough scrubbing that conforms to Defense Department data-security standards).
Friday, May 02, 2008
When we last left Reading First -- the Bush Administration's "education program," in which the Education Department "inappropriately influence[d] the use of certain programs and assessments" and "created an environment that allowed real and perceived conflicts of interest" -- the president was decrying the slashing of its FY 2008 budget by congressional appropriators.
In March, at a Reading First program directors' meeting, Secretary of Education Margaret Spellings implored the directors to "fight fiercely" for the program because "[]y]ou have seen the benefits of this program." And Tennessee Reading First director James Herman claimed that the program "has made so much of a difference in the lives of so many people."
According to a report released Thursday by the Education Department that Reading First doesn't actually make a difference:
On average, across the 18 participating sites, estimated impacts on student reading comprehension test scores were not statistically significant. Average impacts on reading comprehension and classroom instruction did not change systematically over time as sites gained experience with Reading First.
Thursday, May 01, 2008
WaPo published an op-ed Monday in which former senior Department of Defense officials Dov S. Zakheim and Lt. Gen. Ronald T. Kadish (Ret.) note a recent GAO report that finds massive cost and schedule overruns in weapons acquisitions by the Pentagon. The report implicates a degradation of competition between contracting firms resulting in, according to Zajheim and Kadish (ZK, hereafter), "a kind of 'design bureau' competition, similar to what the Soviet Union used."
After complaining about an Air Force tanker project won by EADS, a European defense contractor, ZK conclude that what's really needed to curtail waste, fraud, and abuse in military contracting is increased competition in the defense market spurred by an increase in domestic defense firms. Without really explaining why, they also claim that "[m]ore regulations and bureaucratic restrictions on contractors are not the answer."
Although the consolidations helped contractors survive the spending cuts, they now threaten to undermine the industry. That's because many in Congress and at the Pentagon want to impose stricter oversight and controls on weapons manufacturing and development while simultaneously demanding more competition -- driving the system to an immature and evolving "globalized" marketplace.
Here's the thing though: Better oversight and better procurement practices may not "fix the problem," but because of the nature of the defense "market," it may be the government's only tool to increase acquisition value.
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